Izinqubomgomo zezezimali ezinolaka nokungakhathali ezamukelwa yi-United States zibangele ukwehla kwamandla emali okuphawulekayo emhlabeni wonke, okubangele ukuphazamiseka komnotho okusabalele kanye nokwenyuka okukhulu kobumpofu, ikakhulukazi emazweni asathuthuka, kusho ochwepheshe bomhlaba.
Emzabalazweni wokuqukatha ukwehla kwamandla emali e-US, okwenyuke ngamaphesenti angu-9 ngoJuni, i-US Federal Reserve inyuse izinga lenzalo izikhathi ezine ezingeni lamanje lebanga lamaphesenti angu-2.25 kuya kwangu-2.5.
UBenyamin Poghosyan, usihlalo weCentre for Political and Economic Strategic Studies e-Yerevan, e-Armenia, utshele i-China Daily ukuthi ukunyuka kuphazamise izimakethe zezimali zomhlaba, njengoba amazwe amaningi asathuthuka ebhekene nokwehla kwamandla emali okuqopha umlando, ezamazama ukuthola ukuqina kwezezimali ebusweni. yezinselelo ezahlukene zomhlaba jikelele.
"Sekuvele kuphumele ekwehleni okukhulu kwe-euro nezinye izinhlobo zemali, futhi kuzoqhubeka kukhulisa ukwehla kwamandla emali," esho.
Abathengi bathenga inyama esitolo segrosa Safeway njengoba ukwehla kwamandla emali kuqhubeka nokukhula e-Annapolis, eMaryland.
E-Tunisia, idola eliqinile kanye nokukhuphuka okubukhali kwezintengo zokusanhlamvu namandla kulindeleke ukuthi kwandise ukushoda kwesabelomali sezwe kuye kumaphesenti angama-9.7 we-GDP kulo nyaka kusukela ku-6.7% ebibikezelwe ngaphambilini, kusho umbusi webhange eliphakathi uMarouan Abassi.
Ekupheleni kwalo nyaka isikweletu somphakathi esisasele sibikezelwa ukuthi sizofinyelela kuma-dinar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-114.1 (amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-35.9), noma amaphesenti angama-82.6 e-GDP yaso.I-Tunisia ibheke kokuzenzakalelayo uma ukonakala kwamanje kwezezimali kuqhubeka, ibhange lokutshala izimali uMorgan Stanley lixwayise ngoMashi.
Ukwehla kwamandla emali kwaminyaka yonke kukaTurkiye kufinyelele irekhodi eliphezulu ngamaphesenti angama-79.6 ngoJulayi, okuyisibalo esiphezulu kakhulu eminyakeni engama-24.Idola elilodwa lathengiswa ngo-18.09 liras yaseTurkey ngo-Aug 21, okuphawula ukulahlekelwa ngenani elingamaphesenti angu-100 uma kuqhathaniswa nonyaka odlule, lapho izinga lokushintshanisa lalingu-8.45 liras kudola.
Naphezu kwemizamo kahulumeni ehlanganisa ukunyusa amaholo amancane ukuze kuvikelwe abantu ezinkingeni zezezimali ezibangelwa ukwehla kwamandla emali, abantu baseTurkey badonsa kanzima ukuze baziphilise.
UTuncay Yuksel, ongumnikazi wesitolo esithengisa izinto ezithengwayo e-Ankara, uthe umndeni wakhe usuvele weqa imikhiqizo yokudla njengenyama nobisi ohlwini lwegrosa ngenxa yokukhuphuka kwentengo kusukela kuqale unyaka.
"Yonke into seyimba eqolo, namandla okuthenga ezakhamizi ehle kakhulu," iXinhua News Agency icaphune uYuksel."Abanye abantu abakwazi ukuthenga izidingo eziyisisekelo."
Ukukhuphuka kwezinga lenzalo ye-US Fed "kubangele ukwehla kwamandla emali emazweni asathuthuka", futhi lesi sinyathelo asinasibopho, kusho uPoghosyan.
"I-US isebenzisa i-dollar hegemony ukuphishekela izintshisekelo zayo ze-geopolitical. I-US kufanele ibe nesibopho ngezenzo zayo, ikakhulukazi njengoba i-US iziveza njengomvikeli womhlaba wonke wamalungelo abantu okhathalela wonke umuntu.
"Kwenza izimpilo zamashumi ezigidi zabantu zibe lusizi, kodwa ngikholwa ukuthi i-US ayinandaba."
UJerome Powell, usihlalo we-US Federal Reserve, uxwayise ngo-Aug 26 ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi i-US ibeke izinga lenzalo enkudlwana ezinyangeni ezizayo futhi izimisele ukwehlisa ukwehla kwamandla emali okuphezulu kakhulu eminyakeni engama-40.
UTang Yao, uprofesa osebenza naye eGuanghua School of Management ePeking University, uthe ukwehlisa ukwehla kwamandla emali yinto ebaluleke kakhulu eWashington ngakho-ke i-Fed kulindeleke ukuthi iqhubeke nokukhuphula amanani esikhathini esiningi sonyaka ozayo.
Lokhu kuzodala ukwehla kwamandla emali emhlabeni wonke, kugqugquzele ukugeleza okukhulu kwezimali ezivela ezimakethe zomhlaba ziye e-US kanye nokwehla kwezinye izinhlobo zemali eziningi, kusho uTang, wengeza ngokuthi le nqubomgomo izophinde idale ukuthi imakethe yamasheya namabhondi yehle kanye namazwe anomnotho obuthakathaka okuyisisekelo kwezezimali ukuthwala izingozi ezengeziwe ezifana nokwenyuka kokungakhokhi izikweletu.
I-International Monetary Fund iphinde yaxwayisa ngokuthi imizamo ye-Fed yokulwa nezingcindezi zamanani ingase ihlasele izimakethe ezisafufusa ezithwele izikweletu zemali yangaphandle.
"Ukuqiniswa ngendlela engafanele kwezimo zezimali zomhlaba kungaba yinselele ikakhulukazi emazweni asengozini enkulu yezezimali, izinselelo ezingaxazululiwe ezihlobene nobhubhane kanye nezidingo ezibalulekile zezimali zangaphandle," kusho yena.
Umphumela we-Spillover
U-Wu Haifeng, umqondisi omkhulu we-Fintech Center ye-Shenzhen Institute of Data Economy, naye uzwakalise ukukhathazeka ngomthelela ogelezayo wenqubomgomo ye-Fed, ethi iletha ukungaqiniseki nesiphithiphithi ezimakethe zamazwe ngamazwe futhi ihlasela kakhulu ezomnotho eziningi.
Ukwenyusa izilinganiso zenzalo akukwehlisanga ukwehla kwamandla emali e-US ngendlela efanele, futhi akuzange kunciphise amanani omthengi wezwe, kusho u-Wu.
Ukwehla kwamandla emali e-US kukhuphuke ngamaphesenti angu-9.1 phakathi nezinyanga ezingu-12 kuya kuJuni, okuwukunyuka okusheshayo kusukela ngoNovemba 1981, ngokwezibalo ezisemthethweni.
Kodwa-ke, i-US ayizimisele ukukuvuma konke lokhu futhi isebenzisane namanye amazwe ukukhulisa ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke ngoba ayifuni ukuphambana nezimfuno ezikhona ezihlanganisa abacebile nezimboni zezempi, kusho uWu.
Izintela ezibekwe eChina, ngokwesibonelo, nanoma yikuphi unswinyo kwamanye amazwe, azinawo umthelela ngaphandle kokwenza abathengi baseMelika basebenzise imali ethe xaxa futhi zisongele umnotho wase-US, kusho uWu.
Ochwepheshe babona ukufaka unswinyo njengenye indlela yokuthi i-US ikhulise i-dollar yayo.
Kusukela kwasungulwa uhlelo lwe-Bretton Woods ngo-1944 idola laseMelika selithathe indima yohlobo lwemali ebekiwe emhlabeni wonke, futhi phakathi namashumi eminyaka i-US igcine isikhundla sayo njengomnotho ohamba phambili emhlabeni.
Kodwa-ke, inhlekelele yezimali yomhlaba ka-2008 yaphawula ukuqala kokuphela kombuso wase-US.Ukwehla kwe-US kanye "nokwanda kwabanye", okubandakanya iChina, iRussia, iNdiya neBrazil, kuphonsele inselelo ubukhulu baseMelika, kusho uPoghosyan.
Njengoba i-US iqala ukubhekana nokuncintisana okwandayo okuvela kwezinye izikhungo zamandla, yanquma ukusebenzisa indima yedola njengohlobo lwemali ebekiwe emhlabeni wonke emizamweni yayo yokuqukatha ukukhuphuka kwabanye futhi ilondoloze i-US hegemony.
Isebenzisa isikhundla sedola, iMelika yasabisa amazwe nezinkampani, yathi izowanqamula ohlelweni lwezezimali lwamazwe ngamazwe uma zingalandeli imigomo yaseMelika, esho.
"Isisulu sokuqala salo mgomo kwaba yi-Iran, eyafakwa ngaphansi kwezihibe ezinzima zezomnotho," kusho uPoghosyan."I-US yabe isithatha isinqumo sokusebenzisa le nqubomgomo yokujeziswa kweChina, ikakhulukazi izinkampani zokuxhumana zaseShayina, njengeHuawei ne-ZTE, ezaziqhudelana kakhulu nama-American IT giants ezindaweni ezinjengamanethiwekhi e-5G kanye nobuhlakani bokwenziwa."
Ithuluzi le-Geopolitical
Uhulumeni wase-US usebenzisa idola kakhulu nangokwengeziwe njengethuluzi eliyinhloko lokuqhubekisela phambili izithakazelo zawo zezwe futhi aqukethe ukukhuphuka kwabanye, ukwethenjwa kwedola kuyehla, futhi amazwe amaningi asathuthuka azimisele ngokuyishiya njengemali eyinhloko yokuhweba, kusho uPoghosyan. .
"Lawo mazwe kufanele achaze kabanzi izindlela zokunciphisa ukuthembela kwawo edoleni laseMelika, ngaphandle kwalokho azohlala esongelwa yi-US ngokucekela phansi umnotho wawo."
U-Tang weSikole Sokuphatha sase-Guanghua uphakamise ukuthi amazwe asathuthuka ezomnotho kufanele ahluke kwezohwebo nezezimali ngokwandisa inani labalingani abakhulu abahwebayo kanye nemithombo yezimali nokutshalwa kwezimali, ngomzamo wokunciphisa ukuncika kwawo emnothweni wase-US.
Ukukhishwa kwedola kuzoba nzima esikhathini esifushane nesimaphakathi kodwa imakethe yezezimali yomhlaba wonke enempilo futhi ehlukahlukene kanye nohlelo lwemali lunganciphisa ukuthembela kudola laseMelika futhi kusimamise ukuhleleka kwezimali emhlabeni wonke, kusho uTang.
Amazwe amaningi ehlise inani lesikweletu sase-US anaso futhi aseqalile ukuhlukanisa izimali zawo zokushintshisana zangaphandle.
IBhange lakwa-Israel lamemezela ngo-April ukuthi selingeze imali yaseCanada, Australia, Japan kanye neChina emalini yalo yokuhwebelana kwamanye amazwe, phambilini ebilinganiselwe edolani laseMelika, upondo waseBrithani kanye ne-euro.
Amadola aseMelika enza amaphesenti angama-61 ezimali zezwe zangaphandle, uma kuqhathaniswa namaphesenti angama-66.5 ngaphambilini.
Ibhange elimaphakathi lase-Egypt liphinde lagcina isu lephothifoliyo ehlukahlukene ngokuthenga amathani angama-44 egolide ngekota yokuqala yalo nyaka, nokunyuke ngamaphesenti angama-54, kusho iWorld Gold Council.
Amanye amazwe anjenge-India ne-Iran axoxa ngokusetshenziswa kwezimali zezwe ekuhwebeni kwawo kwamanye amazwe.
Umholi oPhakeme wase-Iran u-Ayatollah Ali Khamenei unxuse ngoJulayi ukuthi kuyekwe kancane kancane idola ekuhwebeni phakathi kwamazwe amabili neRussia.NgoJulayi 19 iRiphabhulikhi yamaSulumane yethula ukuhweba nge-rial-rouble emakethe yayo yokushintshanisa amazwe angaphandle.
"Idola lisayigcinile indima yalo njengemali ebekiwe emhlabeni wonke, kodwa inqubo yokukhishwa kwedola isiqalile ukusheshisa," kusho uPoghosyan.
Futhi, ukuguqulwa kwe-oda langemva kweMpi Yomshoshaphansi kuzoholela nakanjani ekusungulweni komhlaba onama-multipolar kanye nokuphela kwe-US hegemony, esho.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-05-2022